Category Archives: Miscellaneous

Difference Between AC and DC Motors

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Difference between AC and DC Motors

There are two main types of electric motors. There are direct current or DC and alternating current or AC motors. The reference of DC or AC refers to how the electrical current is transferred through and from the motor.
Difference between AC and DC motor somewhat lies in the name as their name reflect their working style.

Electric Motor:-
It is an electrical device which convert the electrical energy into the mechanical energy. It may be broadly classified into the two types AC motor and the DC motor depending on the type of input used.

DC Motors:-

A direct current or DC motor, converts electrical energy into mechanical energy and works on Direct current(DC).Among DC motors, there are shunt-wound, series-wound, compound-wound and permanent magnet motors.
Dc motors come in two general types. They can have brushes or be brushless.

AC Motors:-

A  current or AC motor, converts electrical energy into mechanical energy and works on alternate current(AC).AC  also comes in two type. They can be two phase or three phase.

Types of AC and DC motors:-The two main kind of DC motors are:-

DC motors with brushes: This particular motor is capable of generating a swinging current in the armature or the wound rotor using a split ring commutator ore a magnet stator.
DC motors without brushes: In this motor there is a mechanical rotating switch or external electronic switch placed just in the motor’s place.

The two main kind of AC motors are:-

The synchronous AC motors: It starts rotating just when a sub-multiple of the supply frequency or the supply frequency hits. The rotor magnetic field is the result of slip ring current or some permanent magnet.
The induction AC motors: This one turns a little slower than the standard supply frequency. The magnetic field on the rotor in this case works with the help of induced current.
DC motors are self starting and require no external help whereas AC motors ffective starting equipment to start operation.
Direct current or DC electric motors work for situations where speed needs to be controlled. DC motors have a stable and continuous current. DC motors were the first and earliest motors used. They were found, however, to not be as good at producing power over long lengths
DC motors are single phase motors whereas AC motors are both 1 and 3 phase.
Though both DC and AC motors work on the same principle of armature winding and magnetic field yet in the former the armature rotates while the magnetic field remains stationary, whereas in AC motors the armature remains stationary and the magnetic field keeps rotating.
DC motors generally are more complex than AC motors. This is due to the fact that they need coils and brushes to keep the current constant. DC electric motors are an important part of everyday life, from batteries to DVD players, people use them everyday.
Difference between AC and DC Motors(AC and DC):-
1.DC motors are direct current motors while ac motors are alternating current motors.
2.DC motors generally characterize a continual and standard current flow while AC motors are used in variant situations irrespective of the quality of the current flow.
3. DC motors are single phase motors whereas AC motors are both 1 and 3 phase.
4.DC motors are self starting whereas AC motors require effective starting equipment.
5.Direct current or DC electric motors work for situations where speed needs to be controlled.

Difference between egg white and yolk

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Difference between egg white and yolk

Egg white and yolk are the two  main part of egg. Both are liquid which supports life in an egg.

We can see both of them as one is transparent and other is yellow in color. Beside color there are many other difference between Egg white and yolk.

Egg White:-
Egg white is a liquid which act as protective cover to yolk. This clear white (albumen),is  approximately  60% of total weight of egg . The white is 87% water and 10% protein. The protein in egg whites coagulate at 150 degrees F (65 degrees C).
Yolk:-
While the Yolk is known to be a primary source of food for the developing embryo. Yellow yolk, is  approximately 30% of total weight of egg.  The yolk consists of 50% water, 16% protein and 32% fat.  The protein in the yolk coagulates at 158 degrees F (70 degrees C).
Nutritious value:-
The yolk is suspended in the albumin and contains about 80% of the calories, half of the protein, and almost all fats present in the egg. It contains vitamin A, D, E,B6, B12 and K and minerals such as iron, calcium, and phosphorus,  and panthothenic acid.
The egg white mostly contains water and proteins., the egg white has between 50 and 80 per cent of potassium, protein and riboflavin.
When comparing the nutritional aspect, it is preferred to eat the egg yolk than the white part.
But, people now prefer the egg white than the yellow yolk as it contains less of cholesterol and fats.
When comparing the size, the yolk is smaller than the egg white.
The yolk of a newly laid egg will be round. As the egg ages, the Yolk increases in size by absorbing water from the albumen and stretches, which gives it a flattened shape.
Difference between egg white and yolk(egg white and yolk):-
1. The yolk is smaller than the egg white.
2. Yolk is primary source of food for the developing embryo. The egg white is a protective layer.
3. The Yolk has more nutritional value than the egg white and  The yolk contains more than half of the egg’s proteins.
4. Calcium, phosphorus, iron, zinc, folate, thiamin, B6, B12 and panthothenic acid is seen more in yolk than in egg white. The egg white has between 50 and 80 per cent of potassium, protein and riboflavin.

Difference between osmosis and diffusion

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diffusion and osmosis

Difference between diffusion and osmosis
Diffusion and osmosis are the process of movement of fluid  from one place to another , more precisely  from low concentration to higher concentration  or vice versa. Difference between diffusion and osmosis lies on this flow.
Lets discuss about difference between diffusion and osmosis.


Diffusion:-
Diffusion, is a movement of molecules from a region of higher concentration to one of  lower concentration by random molecular motion. The result of diffusion is a gradual mixing of material. This happens due to kinetic energy of  molecules. This process is going on forever but a state reached when there is same concentration across both region that is called equilibrium.
For gases molecular flow is from higher partial pressure to lower partial pressure.
Osmosis:-
When we talk about osmosis, it is with reference to solution.Iit is the movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane from an area of high water potential (low solute concentration) to an area of low water potential (high solute concentration). It is a physical process in which a solvent moves, without input of energy, across a semi-permeable membrane (permeable to the solvent, but not the solute) separating two solutions of different concentrations.
When we talk about osmosis, it is with reference to solutions.
We can experience diffusion in our day to day life ,like when we use room spray , its fragrance spread all over room by diffusion. This is the case of diffusion of gases. Other example is when we put a drop of an ink in water, slowly whole water turn blue. This the case of diffusion in liquid.
Osmosis is  also part of our regular life , an example for osmosis is immersing a grape in highly concentrated solution of sugar (saturated sugar solution),it will shrink as all water will moves toward solution through semi-permeable membrane(grape skin). 
Osmosis is very tricky as well as vital phenomenon. Tricky is because in first view it seems very unnatural but after understanding the concept and role of semi-permeable membrane it become quite natural,vital is because this phenomenon is very important to a biological life as each living cell use osmosis .Our body uses osmosis as well.
you start feeling thirsty after eating something salty.It is because, salt is a solute, when it is concentrated inside or outside the cell, it will draw the water in its direction. In this case its concentration is more at outside cells so it draws water inside cells.
Difference between diffusion and Osmosis(Diffusion vs Osmosis):-
1)Diffusion and Osmosis both are the  types of Passive Transport – that is, no energy is required for the molecules to move into or out of the cell.
2)Diffusion is movement from high concentration to low concentration , whereas osmosis is vice versa with the help of semi-permeable membrane,
3)No membrane is required for diffusion,while Osmosis required semi-permeable membrane.
4)equilibrium reached in diffusion whereas no equilibrium is achieved in Osmosis.

difference between honda civic

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Honda release the various  models for Honda civic,but amoung them two are the hot topic these days, First  Honda civic LX and second one is EX has been a great success as they come with great exterior and interior looks, powerful engines and high fuel economy. The Honda civic LX is the base model and the Honda civic EX is the premium model. Though both the trims come with powerful engines and other added features, the Honda EX model comes with more options and features.

Engine:-
When comparing the engines, both the LX and EX trims have the same 1.8L SOHC MPFI 16-valve i-VTEC I4 engine. They also have the same five-speed manual or auto transmission. But the only difference is that Honda Civic EX comes with a bigger engine.
Body:-
Another difference that can be noticed is that the Honda Civic EX has a higher curb weight than the Honda civic LX. While Honda civic EX comes with a curb weight of 2747 lbs. The Honda Civic LX comes with a 2687 lbs Curb Weight.
Exteriors:-
1. Though the exterior of both the Honda  looks almost the same, the wheels of the two are made of different materials. While the Honda Civic LX wheels come in steel, the Honda Civic EX wheels are aluminium.
2) Another noticeable difference is that Honda Civic EX comes with a moon roof. But the Honda civic LX does not have one.
Interiors:-
When comparing the headroom and leg space, the Honda Civic Ex is a bit more spacious than the Honda civic LX.
In storage capacity, the Honda Civic EX is a good option.
The Honda Civic EX also has more front ground clearance than the Honda Civic LX.
The interior is almost the same in both the Honda Civic trims but with some added features in the Honda Civic EX.
When talking about audio systems, both the Honda Civic EX and LX come with a 160-Watt sound system. But the difference is that Honda civic LX comes with four speakers when compared to the Honda Civic Ex, which has six speakers and an USB audio interface.
While the Honda civic LX comes with 2-speed intermittent windshield wipers, the Honda Civic EX has variable intermittent windshield wipers. Another difference is that while Honda civic LX is mounted with steering wheel cruise control, the EX has cruise controls as well as audio mounted on steering wheel.

Last of the all, one can see that the Honda Civic costs more than the Honda Civic LX.
Difference between Honda civic LX and EX.(LX vs EX)
1.The Honda civic LX is the base model and the Honda civic EX is the premium model.
2.Honda Civic EX has a higher curb weight than the Honda civic LX.
3.While the Honda Civic LX wheels come in steel, the Honda Civic EX wheels are aluminium.
4.Another noticeable difference is that Honda Civic EX comes with a moon roof. But the Honda civic LX does not have such a roof.

difference between brightness and luminosity

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Luminosity and Brightness are the term related to light and has different meaning in optics(science of light).For more general term we can some time say today light is not good or yesterday the sun was so bright.We never know what we are talking about, whether it is luminosity or brightness.

Lets discuss the difference between Luminosity and Brightness.

Luminosity :-
luminosity is the amount of energy a body radiates per unit time .
                                           or
The total amount of energy radiated by an object every second.

Above definitions are more scientific and might not very clear to a everyone. To understand it we can take example of a light bulb, we generally seen that the bulb with higher wattage emit more light then bulb of lower wattage thus having more luminosity. But we can not major luminosity by wattage of bulb as luminosity factor, as it might be possible tube light of lower wattage have more luminosity ,there are different meter available to  measure luminosity.
Brightness:-
Brightness is an attribute of visual perception in which a source appears to be radiating or reflecting light In other words, brightness is the perception elicited by the luminance of a visual target. This is a subjective attribute/property of an object being observed.
This is the definition taken by Wikipedia. This is also not making sense to the non science people. So let it discuss in details and simple way brightness is the relative term, brightness consider both the source of the light and the area of light which is being illuminated. More is the area of illumination the lesser the brightness. Example-:If you illuminate your study table 60 watt bulb the brightness is more as compare to the  room which will illuminate by the same bulb.
We can talk about units to measure of both the terms .Brightness can be measured in terms of its luminosity. The value for this is expressed in ‘Lumens.’ It is also the amount of luminosity over a certain area of light coverage. This means that the farther away is the area of light coverage from the actual source of light, the less bright the area would be.
Luminosity is expressed as candela per square meter especially in the aspect of colors and photo imaging.
Difference between Brightness and luminosity(Brightness vs luminosity):-
1.Luminosity is the amount of light emitted from a certain light source whereas brightness is the amount of light in a area.
2.The area of illumination is inversely proportional to brightness whereas luminosity is the independent term(basic unit).
3.Brightness is usually expressed in ‘Lumens’ whereas luminosity is expressed in candela per square meter.

difference between Dementia and Alzheimer

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Dementia and Alzheimer are the two terms which are related to each other.Lets discuss the difference between dementia and Alzheimer.
Dementia:-
Dementia (meaning “deprived of mind”) is a serious cognitive disorder. It may be static, the result of a unique global brain injury or progressive, resulting in long-term decline in cognitive function due to damage or disease in the body beyond what might be expected from normal aging .
Alzheimer:-
Alzheimer’s, is the most common form of dementia. This incurable,degenerative, and terminal disease was first described by German psychiatrist and neuropathologist  Alois Alzheimer in 1906 and was named after him.

Dementia and Alzheimer
Dementia is an impairment of thinking and memory deficit. It is a symptom; similarly as pain is a symptom of injuries and illnesses. The causes for the dementia could be Alzheimer’s disease, but there are other factor that can cause dementia such as injury to the brain caused by tumours or head injury, strokes, Parkinson’s disease, and long term alcohol abuse.
Alzheimer’s disease is a very common cause of dementia, and it is more common in elderly. Since it is a common cause of dementia, the term ‘Alzheimer’s disease’ is interchangeably used to describe dementia.
Physicians mostly prefer the word “dementia,” since Alzheimer’s has become such a loaded word. “Dementia” sounds less frightening to patients and family members; therefore even the experts have started using the words interchangeably.
Difference between Dementia and Alzheimer:disease
1)Dementia is the symptom of a deterioration of intellectual abilities leading from different disease or disorder of the brain.
2)Alzheimer’s disease is one of the diseases that cause dementia.
3)Some physicians use dementia and Alzheimer interchangeably.

difference between epidemic and pandemic

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With the spread of Swine Flu ,WHO  decided to raise the level of influenza pandemic alert from phase 5 to phase 6.We have a question in mind  that what is the difference between epidemic and pandemic.
Here you find the difference between them to deadly terms.
Epidemic-
An epidemic is defined by an illness or health-related issue that is showing up in more cases than would be normally expected.the disease is not required to be communicable; examples include cancer or heart disease. Another example includes the infamous Black Plague of the Middle Ages.

Pandemic-

Pandemic indicates larger number of people gets affected by the infection than epidemic, and larger area is affected. Pandemic affects global population while epidemic affects only few parts of a country.
With pandemic the rate of infection grows exponentially and more cases start to show up other parts of the country itself or to different parts of the world. The rate of infection exceeds higher than that of an epidemic.

For example, when flu starts to affect all part of the Mexico, and people who travel from Mexico carry that type of flu to Canada and US. In small period of time more people are infected with flu in other parts of the world. Now, we call this ‘flu pandemic’ rather than ‘flu epidemic’.

an epidemic of infectious disease that is spreading through human populations across a large region; for instance a continent, or even worldwide. A widespread endemic disease that is stable in terms of how many people are getting sick from it is not a pandemic

A pandemic also can occur regionally if it involves more cases than a simple epidemic.If the entire nation was affected but the rate of incidence never rose above that of an epidemic, it would still be considered an epidemic, even though the disease was nationwide.
Conversely, you might have a small population in a remote area  that is nearly 100% affected by an illness or health problem. Because the incidence is so high, and the area relatively widespread in that it is affecting an entire population, this could be termed pandemic.
Recent cases of epidemic in India:-
· 1903: plague
· 1974: Smallpox epidemic
· 1994: Plague epidemic in Surat
· 2006: malaria
· 2006: Dengue outbreak
· 2006: Chikungunya outbreaks
· 2007: cholera
· 2009: Swine Flu – India
Recent cases of pendemic in world:-
· 1857 – 1859: influenza
· 1863 – 1875: cholera
· 1889 – 1892: influenza
· 1899 – 1923: cholera
· 1918 – 1920: influenza: Spanish flu: more people were hospitalized in World War I from this epidemic than wounds. Estimates of the dead range from 20 to 100 million worldwide
· 1957 – 1958: influenza: Asian flu
· 1968 – 1969: influenza: Hong Kong flu
· 1960s: cholera called El Tor
· 1980s – present: HIV
· 2009 – influenza: 2009 swine flu pandemic-in world

Difference between epidemic and pandemic(epidemic vs pandemic):-
1)Epidemic has small area and less spread ratio where  pandemic spread in continent or even world wide and spread fast.
2)Epidemic can affect lesser population pandemic affect large population.
3)Epidemic is easy to control then pandemic.
4) disease is not required to be communicable.

Interesting Facts that amuse you

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1. Coca-Cola was originally green.
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2. The most common name in the world is Mohammed.
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3. The name of all the continents ends with the same letter that they start with.
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4. The strongest muscle in the body is the tongue.
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5. There are two credit cards for every person in the United States .
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6. TYPEWRITER is the longest word that can be made using the letters only on one row of the keyboard.
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7. Women blink nearly twice as much as men!
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8. You can’t kill yourself by holding your breath..
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9. It is impossible to lick your elbow.
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10. People say “Bless you” when you sneeze because when you Sneeze, your heart stops for a millisecond.
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11. It is physically impossible for pigs to look up into the sky.
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12. The “sixth sick sheik’s sixth sheep’s sick” is said to be the toughest tongue twister in the English language.
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13. If you sneeze too hard, you can fracture a rib. If you try to Suppress a sneeze; you can rupture a blood vessel in your head or neck and die.
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14. Each king in a deck of playing cards represents great king from History. “Spades” – King David; “Clubs” – Alexander the Great; ” Hearts” – Charlemagne; “Diamonds” – Julius Caesar.
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15. 111,111,111 x 111,111,111 = 12,345,678,987,654,321
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16. If a statue of a warrior on a horse has both front legs in the air, the person died in battle. If the horse has one front leg in the air, the person died as a result of wounds received in battle.If the horse has a all four legs on the ground, the person died of natural causes.
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17 What do bullet proof vests, fire escapes, windshield wipers and laser printers all have in common?
Ans. – All invented by women.
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18. Honey – This is the only food that doesn’t spoil.
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19. A crocodile cannot stick its tongue out.
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20. A snail can sleep for three years.
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21. All polar bears are left handed.
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22. American Airlines saved $40,000 in 1987 by eliminating one olive from each salad served in first-class.
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23. Butterflies taste with their feet.
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24. Elephants are the only animals that can’t jump.
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25. In the last 4000 years, no new animals have been domesticated.
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26. On average, people fear spiders more than they do death.
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27. Shakespeare invented the word ‘assassination’ and ‘bump’.
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28. Stewardesses is the longest word typed with only the left hand.
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29. The ant always falls over on its right side when intoxicated.
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30. The electric chair was invented by a dentist.
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31. The human heart creates enough pressure when it pumps out to the body to squirt blood 30 feet.
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32. Rats multiply so quickly that in 18 months, two rats could have over million descendants.
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33. Wearing headphones for just an hour will increase the bacteria in your ear by 700 times.
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34. The cigarette lighter was invented before the match.
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35. Most lipstick contains fish scales.
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36. Like fingerprints, everyone’s tongue print is different.